Java Flow control and Exceptions

Flow Control and exception

What is the difference between while and do while loop

Do while loop walways executes the body of the loop at least once, since the test is performed at the end of the body

When do you use continue and when do you use break statements

When continue statement is applied it prematurely completes the iteration of a loop.
When break statement is applied it causes the entire loop to be abandoned.

What is the base class from which all exceptions are subclasses

All exceptions are subclasses of a class called java.lang.Throwable

How do you intercept and thereby control exceptions

We can do this by using try/catch/finally blocks
You place the normal processing code in try block
You put the code to deal with exceptions that might arise in try block in catch block
Code that must be executed no matter what happens must be place in finally block

When do we say an exception is handled

When an exception is thrown in a try block and is caught by a matching catch block, the exception is considered to have been handled

When do we say an exception is not handled

There is no catch block that names either the class of exception that has been thrown or a class of exception that is a parent class of the one that has been thrown, then the exception is considered to be unhandled, in such condition the execution leaves the method directly as if no try has been executed

In what sequence does the finally block gets executed

If you put finally after a try block without a matching catch block then it will be executed after the try block
If it is placed after the catch block and there is no exception then also it will be executed after the try block
If there is an exception and it is handled by the catch block then it will be executed after the catch block

What can prevent the execution of the code in finally block

• The death of thread
• Use of system.exit()
• Turning off the power to CPU
• An exception arising in the finally block itself

What are the rules for catching multiple exceptions

A more specific catch block must precede a more general one in the source, else it gives compilation error
Only one catch block, that is first applicable one, will be executed

What does throws statement declaration in a method indicate

This indicates that the method throws some exception and the caller method should take care of handling it

What are checked exception

Checked exceptions are exceptions that arise in a correct program, typically due to user mistakes like entering wrong data or I/O problems

What are runtime exceptions

Runtime exceptions are due to programming bugs like out of bond arrays or null pointer exceptions.

What is difference between Exception and errors

Errors are usually compile time and exceptions can be runtime or checked

How will you handle the checked exceptions

You can provide a try/catch block to handle it. OR
Make sure method declaration includes a throws clause that informs the calling method an exception might be thrown from this particular method
When you extend a class and override a method, can this new method throw exceptions other than those that were declared by the original method
No it cannot throw, except for the subclasses of those exceptions

Is it legal for the extending class which overrides a method which throws an exception, not o throw in the overridden class

Yes it is perfectly legal

Explain the user defined Exceptions?

User defined Exceptions are the separate Exception classes defined by the user for specific purposed. An user defined can created by simply sub-classing it to the Exception class. This allows custom exceptions to be generated (using throw) and caught in the same way as normal exceptions.
Example:
class myCustomException extends Exception {
// The class simply has to exist to be an exception
}