Hibernate Interview Questions

What is Hibernate?

Hibernate is a powerful, high performance object/relational persistence and query service. This lets the users to develop persistent classes following object-oriented principles such as association, inheritance, polymorphism, composition, and collections.

What is ORM?

ORM stands for Object/Relational mapping. It is the programmed and translucent perseverance of objects in a Java application in to the tables of a relational database using the metadata that describes the mapping between the objects and the database. It works by transforming the data from one representation to another.

What does an ORM solution comprises of?

• It should have an API for performing basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on objects of persistent classes
• Should have a language or an API for specifying queries that refer to the classes and the properties of classes
• An ability for specifying mapping metadata
• It should have a technique for ORM implementation to interact with transactional objects to perform dirty checking, lazy association fetching, and other optimization functions

What are the different levels of ORM quality?

TherearefourlevelsdefinedforORMquality.
i.   Purerelational
ii.   Lightobjectmapping
iii.   Mediumobjectmapping
iv.    Full object mapping

What is a pure relational ORM?

The entire application, including the user interface, is designed around the relational model and SQL-based relational operations.

What is a meant by light object mapping?

The entities are represented as classes that are mapped manually to the relational tables. The code is hidden from the business logic using specific design patterns. This approach is successful for applications with a less number of entities, or applications with common, metadata-driven data models. This approach is most known to all.

What is a meant by medium object mapping?

The application is designed around an object model. The SQL code is generated at build time. And the associations between objects are supported by the persistence mechanism, and queries are specified using an object-oriented expression language. This is best suited for medium-sized applications with some complex transactions. Used when the mapping exceeds 25 different database products at a time.

What is meant by full object mapping?

Full object mapping supports sophisticated object modeling: composition, inheritance, polymorphism and persistence. The persistence layer implements transparent persistence; persistent classes do not inherit any special base class or have to implement a special interface. Efficient fetching strategies and caching strategies are implemented transparently to the application.

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